The Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe is an African country consisting of two islands that lie just above the equator. It has the second-smallest population in Africa as well as being the smallest Portuguese-speaking country in the world. The country itself was named by Portuguese explorers, for Saint Thomas after arriving on the saint's feast day. The inhabitants of the country are largely descendants of Portuguese colonists and African slaves brought ashore during the country's early years of settlement.

The islands are tropical in climate, with Sao Tome being more mountainous than Principe. The country is covered in dense tropical forests, with streams that run through cropland and into the sea. The temperature remains at around 80 degrees Fahrenheit, with the rainy season falling between October and May.

The economy of Sao Tome and Principe is traditionally dependent on cocoa, being 95% of the country's exports. However, commercial oil production will soon change the country's economy.

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